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五、翻譯(76-85)

漢譯英(76-80)

76.前幾天，窗外一陣陣的喧嘩笑聲，驚動(dòng)了我。往外看時(shí)，原來(lái)是好幾十個(gè)男女同學(xué)，正在整理這片空地呢!女學(xué)生穿的羽絨衣，毛衣，紅紅綠綠的;男學(xué)生有的穿綠軍裝，有的穿深色的衣服。他們拿著種種工具，鋤土的鋤土，鏟土的鏟土，安放矮欄的就在場(chǎng)地邊上安插下小鐵欄桿?？磥?lái)我們樓前這一大片土地，將會(huì)被這群青年人整治成一座綠草成茵、繁花似錦的公園。

答案：Several days ago, I was suddenly disturbed by a joyous din from outside the window. Looking out of it, I saw scores of boy and girl students in the middle of tidying up the open ground. The girls were in colourful down jackets or woolen sweaters, and the boys were in green army uniforms or dark-coloured jackets. They worked with hoes or shovels. Some were busy fencing off the land with iron-bar railings. Evidently, they were trying to turn the wide open ground in front of our building into a garden bright with lush green grass and blooming flowers.

77.歷史學(xué)家Frederick J Tuner在19世紀(jì)90年代寫(xiě)道：自1870年以來(lái)美國(guó)農(nóng)民的不滿(mǎn)一直在緩慢增長(zhǎng)，直到1870年關(guān)閉了內(nèi)部前沿以后就被加速了——就是說(shuō)，用于擴(kuò)張農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)的新土地資源已經(jīng)枯竭了。

答案：The historian Frederick J. Tuner wrote in the 1890's that the agrarian(農(nóng)民)discontent(不滿(mǎn))that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated(加速)by the closing of the internal frontier-that is, the depletion(枯竭)of available new land needed for further expansion of the American farming system.

78.因特網(wǎng)已經(jīng)在許多方面對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了非常積極的影響。它改善了溝通方式，簡(jiǎn)化了任務(wù)處理，提供了巨大的便利，使工藝過(guò)程更快速，提供了更多的選擇，這一切讓人們有更多自由的時(shí)間做其他事情。但有趣的是，因特網(wǎng)在某些方面產(chǎn)生了消極的影響。人們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了要求得到快速的滿(mǎn)足，因此溝通質(zhì)量下降，人們變得沒(méi)有耐心，除此之外，使用因特網(wǎng)也占用了大量時(shí)間。

答案：In many ways the Internet has had a very positive effect on society. It has improved communication, simplifiod handling tasks, offered a huge convenience, enabled faster processing, and pro-vided mote options, all of which frees more time to do other things. Yet, interestingly enough, the Internet has in some ways had negative effects. The quality of communication has declined and people are i .inpatient because they have become accustomed to instant satisfaction, and using the Internet also takes up a lot of time.

79.經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展往往有賴(lài)于自然資源的開(kāi)采以及低技能勞動(dòng)力，這就導(dǎo)致制造業(yè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱和財(cái)富分配不均。農(nóng)業(yè)仍是農(nóng)村家庭的主要收入來(lái)源，其占據(jù)了非洲60%以上的勞動(dòng)力，尤其是為婦女勞動(dòng)力提供了就業(yè)。農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力低下對(duì)整個(gè)非洲的糧食安全仍然存在威脅。非洲需要綠色、清潔的工業(yè)化，所以要越過(guò)造成污染的老式工藝階段并受益于新技術(shù)。對(duì)非洲而言，包容性和可持續(xù)的工業(yè)化是邁向持續(xù)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、糧食安全和消除貧窮的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵臺(tái)階。

答案：Economic development depends on the extraction of natural resources and on low-skilled labor, which has resulted in a weak manufacturing base and uneven distribution of wealth. Agriculture still accounts fol the major share of rural household income and employs over 60 percent of Africa' s labor force, particularly women. Low agricultural productivity continues to threaten food security in Africa as a whole. Africa needs a green, clean industrialization that leapfrogs outdated, polluting processes and platforms and benefits from new technologies. Inclusive and sustainable industrialization is a key stepping stone towards sustained economic growth, food security and poverty eradication in Africa.

80.在已經(jīng)出了名的人們中間，絕大多數(shù)是因有一技之長(zhǎng)，如唱歌、舞蹈、繪畫(huà)、寫(xiě)作等，而獲此聲譽(yù)的。這位成功的表演者展示出一種在市場(chǎng)上可以爭(zhēng)雄制勝的風(fēng)格，因而獲得聲譽(yù)。而且也就是這種聲譽(yù)常使表演者確信必須把這種風(fēng)格堅(jiān)持下去，因?yàn)榭磥?lái)這正是大眾所需要和喜愛(ài)的?？墒请S著時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)移，歌手年復(fù)一年地依老調(diào)唱老歌，畫(huà)師畫(huà)同樣的風(fēng)景人物，演員反復(fù)重演同一角色，都會(huì)感到厭煩。

答案：Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of possessing a single talent or skill: singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. The successful performer develops a style that is marketed aggressively and gains some popularity. And it is this popularity that usually convinces the performer to continue performing in the same style, since that is what the public seems to want and to en-joy. But in time, the performer becomes .bored singing the same songs in the same way year after year, or the painter becomes bored painting similar scenes or portraits, or the actor is tired of playing the same character repeatedly.

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