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　　Do American children still learn handwriting in school? In this age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out.
　　We asked Professor Steve Graham at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. He told us that he has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years. He said:" If the results of a survey we had published this year are accurate, it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three."
　　Ninety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting. But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it.Professor Graham said: "One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting.
　　And then when you look at how it's taught, you have some teachers who are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for ten, fifteen minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day--which really for handwriting is pretty much death."
　　Many adults remember learning that way--by copying letters over and over again.Today's thinking is that short periods of practice are better. Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself.Instead,they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas.After all,that is why we write.
　　Handwriting involves two skills. One is legibility, which means forming the letters so they can be read. The other is fluency--writing without having to think about it.Experts say fluency continues to develop up until high school.
　　But not everyone masters these skills.Teachers commonly report that about one-fourth of their kids have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computers and voice recognition programs.
　　But Steve Graham at Vanderbilt said: "Word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. Even with high school teachers, we find that less than fifty percent of assignments are done via word processing or with word processing. And, in fact, if we added in taking notes and doing tests in class, most of the writing done in school is done by hand."
　　第16題 Some people think handwriting lessons are out of date, because____.
　　A.handwriting lessons take too much of their time
　　B.handwriting lessons are boring for kids
　　C.they write little at present time
　　D.they write through computers not by handwriting
　　第17題 According to the survey published by professor Steve Graham____.
　　A.most teachers in grades one to three still teach handwriting
　　B.3/4 teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting
　　C.most students in grades one to three have learned handwriting well
　　D.most teachers think handwriting should not be taught by itself
　　第18題 Students will learn handwriting well by____.
　　A.learning by themselves
　　B.practicing it once in a short time
　　C.practicing it more than an hour a day
　　D.copying letters over and over again
　　第19題 The purpose for us to write is to____.
　　A.communicate with others B.show our education levels
　　C.express our ideas D.record our activities
　　第20題 According to the author,handwriting lessons____.
　　A.are on the way out
　　B.will be replaced by word processing
　　C.have been cut out by most elementary schools
　　D.are still necessary for elementary school students

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