Economics

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

Broad Learning Objectives

總體學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)

The major concepts and variables that underpin macroeconomic analyses should be known and understood. The IS-LM model features in the syllabus and should be well understood due to its linking of the real and financial markets. Important macroeconomic phenomena such as economic output, inflation, growth, labour markets, monetary policy and business cycles should be all assessable in some detail, together with their various interrelationships. Knowledge of international macroeconomic material should be developed via the coverage of foreign exchange rates, interest rates and prices etc. and applications of this material to practical settings achievable. To facilitate a broad economic perspective and understanding, a number of the important macroeconomic issues are assessed within a simple economic modelling framework.

要知道和理解構(gòu)成宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的主要概念和變量。因IS-LM模型連接金融市場(chǎng)和實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)，所以對(duì)在大綱中占有重要位置的IS-LM模型應(yīng)深刻理解。能夠較詳細(xì)地分析重要的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象如經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出、通貨膨脹、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)、貨幣政策和商業(yè)周期，以及他們之間多樣的相互關(guān)系。通過匯率、利率和價(jià)格，以及宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)資料在現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境中的應(yīng)用，加強(qiáng)對(duì)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的了解。同時(shí)為便于形成廣泛的經(jīng)濟(jì)視角及深刻的理解層次，一些重要的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)問題應(yīng)在簡(jiǎn)單的經(jīng)濟(jì)模型框架內(nèi)進(jìn)行評(píng)估。

1   Concepts, Major Macroeconomic Variables and the IS-LM Model

1  宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)主要概念和變量以及IS-LM模型

1.1   Major macroeconomic concepts and variables                  

1.1.1   National income accounting: GDP and GNP

1.1.2   Inflation

1.1.3   Interest rates

1.1  宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)主要概念和變量                                 

1.1.1  國(guó)民收入核算：GDP和GNP

1.1.2  通貨膨脹

1.1.3  利率

1.2   The basic model of the real market in a closed economy           

1.2.1   The determination of demand

1.2.2   Equilibrium in the real market: the IS relation

1.2  封閉經(jīng)濟(jì)中實(shí)體市場(chǎng)的基本模型

1.2.1  需求決定

1.2.2  實(shí)體市場(chǎng)均衡：IS關(guān)系

1.3   The basic model of the financial market in a closed economy       

1.3.1   The demand for money

1.3.2   Equilibrium in the money market: the LM relation

1.3  封閉經(jīng)濟(jì)中金融市場(chǎng)的基本模型

1.3.1  貨幣需求

1.3.2  貨幣市場(chǎng)均衡：LM關(guān)系

1.4   The IS-LM model                                      

1.4.1   Equilibrium in the real and financial markets

1.4.2   The effects of fiscal policy in a closed economy

1.4.3   The effects of monetary policy in a closed economy

1.4.4   Expected inflation and the IS-LM model

1.4  IS-LM模型

1.4.1  實(shí)體市場(chǎng)與金融市場(chǎng)均衡

1.4.2  封閉經(jīng)濟(jì)中財(cái)政政策的效果

1.4.3  封閉經(jīng)濟(jì)中貨幣政策的效果

1.4.4  預(yù)期通貨膨脹率和IS-LM模型

2   Economic Output and the Labour Market

2  經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出和勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)

2.1   Production                                               

2.1  產(chǎn)出                                                   

2.2   The labour market                                         

2.2  勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)                                              

2.3   General equilibrium in the real, financial and labour markets        

2.3.1   Aggregate supply

2.3.2   Aggregate demand

2.3.3   Equilibrium output in the short and the medium run

2.3.4   The dynamic effects of fiscal policy

2.3.5   The dynamic effects of monetary policy

2.3  實(shí)體市場(chǎng)、金融市場(chǎng)和勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)的一般均衡             

2.3.1  總供給

2.3.2  總需求

2.3.3  短期產(chǎn)出和中期產(chǎn)出均衡

2.3.4  財(cái)政政策的動(dòng)態(tài)效應(yīng)

2.3.5  貨幣政策的動(dòng)態(tài)效應(yīng)

2.4   Monitoring the economy in the real world                     

2.4.1   Potential output, definition and estimation

2.4  監(jiān)控現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行

2.4.1  潛在產(chǎn)出、定義和估計(jì)

3   The Link between Inflation and Unemployment, Economic Growth and Business Cycles

3  通貨膨脹率和失業(yè)率、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)周期的關(guān)系 

3.1   Inflation versus unemployment: the great trade-off?               

3.1.1   Unemployment and inflation:  the Phillips curve

3.1.2   The modern version of the Phillips curve

3.1  通貨膨脹率與失業(yè)率：偉大的權(quán)衡？

3.1.1  失業(yè)率和通貨膨脹率：菲利普斯曲線

3.1.2  菲利普斯曲線的新發(fā)展

3.2   Economic growth                                           

3.2.1   Growth accounting

3.2.2   Capital accumulation and economic growth

3.2.3   Technological progress and economic growth

3.2  經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)                                                     

3.2.1  增長(zhǎng)的核算

3.2.2  資本積累和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)

3.2.3  技術(shù)進(jìn)步和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)

3.3     Business cycles                                             

3.3.1   The basics

3.3.2   The classical approach: theory of exogenous business cycles

3.3.3   The Keynesian approach: theory of endogenous business cycles     

3.3.4   Fiscal policy, monetary policy and the business cycle

3.3  經(jīng)濟(jì)周期                                                   

3.3.1  基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

3.3.2  古典模式：外生性經(jīng)濟(jì)周期理論

3.3.3  凱恩斯模式：內(nèi)生性經(jīng)濟(jì)周期理論

3.3.4  財(cái)政政策、貨幣政策與經(jīng)濟(jì)周期

3.4   Monitoring the economy in the real world                      

3.4.1   Business cycle: activity

3.4.2   Business cycle: inflation

3.4  監(jiān)控現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行                                       

3.4.1  經(jīng)濟(jì)周期：經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)

3.4.2  經(jīng)濟(jì)周期：通貨膨脹

4   Balance of Payments, Exchange Rates, Prices and Interest Rates

4  國(guó)際收支、匯率、價(jià)格和利率

4.1   The balance of payments                                    

 4.1.1   The accounting system

 4.1.2   Domestic savings and the current account balance

4.1  國(guó)際收支                                                 

4.1.1  核算系統(tǒng)

4.1.2  國(guó)內(nèi)儲(chǔ)蓄和經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目收支

4.2   The exchange rate                                         

4.2.1   Nominal and real exchange rate

4.2.2   Exchange rate regimes

4.2  匯率                                                     

4.2.1  名義匯率和實(shí)際匯率

4.2.2  匯率制度

4.3   Exchange rate, prices and interest rates                      

4.3.1   Purchasing power parity

4.3.2   Covered interest rate parity

4.3.3   Uncovered interest rate parity

4.3  匯率、價(jià)格和利率                                   

4.3.1  購(gòu)買力平價(jià)

4.3.2  有套期保值的利率平價(jià)理論

4.3.3  無(wú)套期保值的利率平價(jià)理論

5   Economic Issues Explained with a Simple Model

5  使用簡(jiǎn)單模型解釋經(jīng)濟(jì)問題

5.1   The basic model of the real and financial markets in an open economy  

5.1.1   The determination of demand in the real market

5.1.2   Equilibrium in the real market: the IS relation in the open economy

5.1.3   Equilibrium in the financial market: the LM relation in the open economy

5.1.4   Equilibrium in an open economy:  the Mundell-Fleming model

5.1.5   The effects of policy in an open economy

5.1.6   Aggregate supply and demand in the open economy

5.1  開放經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下實(shí)體市場(chǎng)和金融市場(chǎng)基本模型         

5.1.1  實(shí)體市場(chǎng)需求決定

5.1.2  實(shí)體市場(chǎng)均衡：開放經(jīng)濟(jì)中IS曲線

5.1.3  金融市場(chǎng)均衡：開放經(jīng)濟(jì)中LM曲線

5.1.4  開放經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下一般均衡：蒙代爾-弗萊明模型

5.1.5  開放經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下政策效應(yīng)

5.1.6  開放經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下總供給和總需求

5.2   Theories of exchange rate determination                       

5.2.1   Balance of payments approach

5.2.2   The asset approach

5.2.3   Exchange rate determination: empirical evidence

5.2  匯率決定理論                                    

5.2.1  國(guó)際收支法

5.2.2  資產(chǎn)法

5.2.3  匯率決定：實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)

5.3   Statistical behaviour of the exchange rate                      

5.3  匯率的統(tǒng)計(jì)特性                                   

6   Monetary Policy

6  貨幣政策

6.1   Basic concepts of monetary theory                               

6.1.1   The definition of money

6.1.2   Money supply and the money multiplier

6.1  貨幣理論基本概念                                      

6.1.1  貨幣定義

6.1.2  貨幣供給與貨幣乘數(shù)

6.2   Monetary policy                                             

6.2.1   The implementation process of monetary policy

6.2.2   The instruments of monetary policy

6.2  貨幣政策                                                   

6.2.1  貨幣政策實(shí)施過程

6.2.2  貨幣政策工具

6.3   The transmission mechanism of monetary policy on the real economy   

 6.3.1   Interest rate channel

 6.3.2   Credit channel

 6.3.3   Exchange rate channel

6.3  貨幣政策對(duì)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)的傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制

6.3.1  利率渠道

6.3.2  信貸渠道

6.3.3  匯率渠道

6.4   Central bank operations in major countries                

6.4  一些主要國(guó)家的中央銀行操作